Cape Verde's Industrial Overview
I. Zuag qhia tag nrho Foundation thiab Economic Positioning
Cape Verde yog ib lub tebchaws nyob hauv Atlantic Island thiab ib nrab - nyiaj tau los kev lag luam. Nws lub hauv paus kev lag luam tag nrho yog qhov tsis muaj zog, vam khom rau kev pabcuam kev lag luam (uas suav txog kwv yees li 71.9% ntawm GDP). Kev lag luam tag nrho cov nyiaj tsuas yog 23.1% ntawm GDP, absorbing txog 29% ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Nws qib kev lag luam qib qis qis thoob ntiaj teb (136th ntawm 152 lub teb chaws hauv UNIDO Industrial Competitiveness Index). (Economic and Commercial Office of the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of Cape Verde)
Cov qauv kev lag luam sab hauv yog qhov tsis sib xws: kev tsim kho yog qhov tseem ceeb, kev tsim khoom me me, kev lag luam hnyav yuav luag tsis muaj, thiab kev tsuas yog tsawg heev. Kev ua lag luam hauv tsev yog me me, cov peev txheej tsis tshua muaj, cov khoom siv raw khoom raug xa tawm ntau, thiab cov saw hlau ua tiav tsis muaj.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb
Kev lag luam suav txog 23.1% ntawm GDP; kev tsim kho suav txog kwv yees li 9.3%, kev tsim khoom tsuas yog kwv yees li 5% (kev ua txhaum cai), thiab tsuas yog tsawg dua 1%.
Tsuas muaj li ntawm 150 me me thiab nruab nrab- cov chaw tsim khoom loj thoob tebchaws, tag nrho cov lag luam ntiag tug micro-; tsis muaj cov lag luam loj loj loj.
Muaj kev lag luam tsis txaus: txhua xyoo ntshuam tshaj US $ 1 nphom, nrog yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom tsim, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab cov tshuab cia siab rau kev xa khoom; Txhua xyoo kev lag luam xa tawm tsuas yog nyob ib ncig ntawm US $ 60 lab.
II. Sectoral Breakdown
(I) Kev Tsim Kho: Cov Pillar Loj tshaj plaws
Kev tsim kho suav txog ze li ib nrab ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm thiab yog Cape Verde qhov kev lag luam loj tshaj plaws, tsis tu ncua los ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam, kev tsim kho vaj tse, thiab tsoomfwv cov haujlwm ua haujlwm:
Pawg lag luam
SMEs hauv zos: Tsev so, tsev so, tsev nyob, thiab kev tsim khoom me me;
Cov Tuam Txhab Lag Luam Loj (nrog rau Portuguese kev sib koom ua lag luam): Tshav dav hlau, chaw nres nkoj, txoj kev loj, kev txuag dej, thiab cov chaw ncig xyuas chaw ncig ua si.
Txhawb Kev Lag Luam Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Tsev: Kev vam khom rau hauv zos volcanic tshauv thiab limestone cov peev txheej, thaj av tau tsim cov cement, xuab zeb, gravel, thiab thaiv ntau lawm. Sant'Antang Island tau tsim lub Pozolana volcanic tshauv mine, nrog rau lub tuam txhab Portuguese CIMPOR tsim cov cement cog nrog kev npaj txhua xyoo muaj peev xwm ntawm 500,000 tons, txhawb kev lag luam hauv zos thiab xa tawm me me rau West African cov teb chaws. Kuj tseem muaj me me cib thiab pob zeb ua cov nroj tsuag, tab sis lawv lub peev xwm tsuas yog ua tau raws li tsawg-kawg kev thov hauv tsev; siab- cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev kawg tseem raug xa tuaj.
Kev lag luam Pain Points: Cement, steel bars, machinery, thiab tshuaj siv tsev cov ntaub ntawv yog cia siab rau imports los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, ua rau cov nqi tsim kho siab.
(II) Manufacturing: Feem ntau lub teeb ua liaj ua teb thiab kev ua haujlwm sab nrauv, nrog rau qhov me me.
Kev tsim khoom suav nrog tsawg dua 6% ntawm GDP. Kev lag luam yog tsom rau hauv lub peev Playa (Santiago Island) thiab Lazaretto chaw ua si ntawm San Vicente Island. Txhua yam yog tsawg-tech light industries, subdivided rau hauv peb lub ntsiab sectors:
* ** Cov Khoom Siv Dej thiab Khoom Noj Khoom Noj (Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim khoom, suav txog ntau dua 60% ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm): ** Kev vam khom rau cov khoom siv nuv ntses ntawm thaj chaw kev lag luam tshwj xeeb, nws tsim cov ntses kaus poom, cov ntses khov, cov khoom cw, thiab cov ntsev hiav txwv; Nws tseem ua cov khoom qab zib rum, cov dej haus hauv lub raj mis, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qhob cij, thiab cov khoom noj hauv zos. Cov ntses kaus poom yog lub teb chaws loj tshaj plaws kev lag luam xa tawm, muag rau EU thiab West Africa. Txhua xyoo pob zeb ntsev ntau lawm yog kwv yees li 7,000 tons, tsuas yog siv rau hauv tsev.
* **Textiles, Hnav khaub ncaws, thiab Khaub Ncaws:** Feem ntau cov chaw ua haujlwm me me ua cov khoom siv txawv teb chaws, ua haujlwm qis -kawg txiav khaub ncaws los ntawm Portugal thiab Europe, xa tawm cov tsoos tsho tiav thiab khau khiab; cov cuab yeej siv tau dhau los, cov saw hlau muaj tsis tiav, tag nrho cov ntaub thiab cov khoom siv tau tuaj txawv teb chaws, ua rau muaj nqi ntxiv tsawg heev. Exports suav txog kwv yees li 35% ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam xa tawm.
Lwm yam kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo: Lub raj mis dej haus, ntim me me, cov khoom siv ntoo yooj yim, khoom siv tes ua; tag nrho tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa kev tsim khoom ntawm cov tshuab, khoom siv, thiab kev ua hlau (cov ntsia hlau thiab cov khoom siv hlau yog tag nrho cov khoom tuaj txawv teb chaws, sib haum rau kev lag luam sib txawv hauv koj cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsia thawv ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab cov khoom siv ntsia thawv).
(III) Mining: Me me, tsis muaj loj - nplai ua lag luam mines. Cov peev txheej hauv zos tsuas yog txwv rau limestone, volcanic tshauv, pumice, thiab pob zeb ntsev; tsis muaj hlau lossis lub zog mines:
Volcanic tshauv thiab limestone: Tsuas yog muab rau cov nroj tsuag hauv zos cement thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev;
Pob zeb ntsev: me me- nplai qhib- qhov dej ntsev ntau lawm, tus kheej- txaus;
Pumice: Mined hauv me me rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev;
Tag nrho kev koom tes ntawm mining rau GDP yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, tsis muaj kev lag luam mining ywj pheej pawg. (IV) Lub zog thiab kev siv hluav taws xob
Hluav taws xob: Yuav luag tag nrho kev cia siab rau cov roj roj thiab diesel rau kev tsim hluav taws xob, ua rau cov nqi siab; thaum me me - cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic tau nce qib hauv xyoo tas los no, tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic raug tsim, thiab tag nrho cov khoom raug xa tuaj.
Dej: Desalination nroj tsuag yog concentrated nyob rau hauv cov neeg mus ncig tebchaws Islands tuaj, nrog rau cov khoom thiab consumables cia siab rau imports.
Kev Kho Nkoj: Lub nkoj me me hauv Mindlou Chaw nres nkoj tsuas yog ua haujlwm yooj yim ntawm cov nkoj nuv ntses thiab yachts me me, tsis muaj peev xwm tsim nkoj.
III. Industrial Parks thiab Industrial Hubs
Cape Verde tam sim no muaj ob qhov chaw ua lag luam ua qauv nrog kev txhawb nqa se thiab kev lis kev cai tshem tawm kev txhawb nqa, ua haujlwm ua cov chaw lag luam loj:
* Asada Grande Industrial Zone (Playa, Santiago Island): Cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb hauv lub tebchaws, tsom mus rau kev ua zaub mov, khaub ncaws, khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab cov tuam txhab warehouses;
* Lazaretto Industrial Zone (São Vicente Island): tsom mus rau kev xa tawm, cov nqaij nruab deg hauv kaus poom, thiab lub teeb muaj kev lag luam txawv teb chaws;
* Cov phiaj xwm txhawb nqa suav nrog chaw ua si thev naus laus zis (tsim digital outsourcing thiab ICT) thiab lub chaw lag luam thoob ntiaj teb kom nyiam cov kev lag luam lag luam tawm sab nraud.
IV. Txoj Cai Txhawb Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Npaj Ua Haujlwm
1. Txoj Cai Lij Choj Incentive (Kev kho vaj huam sib luag rau cov neeg ua lag luam txawv teb chaws thiab hauv tsev)
Raws li *Industrial Development Law* thiab *Investment Law*, manufacturing and processing export enterprises can enjoy the following benefits:
* Kev txo cov nyiaj tau los ntawm tuam txhab thiab kev zam, se vaj tse, thiab kev zam se se;
* Ntshuam cov dej num raug zam ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv raw;
* Ib qho ntxiv 30% kev nqis peev se credit rau cov lag luam hauv thaj chaw ua lag luam;
* Kev them nyiaj raug cai nruj nruj rau kev lag luam txawv teb chaws expropriation thiab teb chaws, thiab txhawb kev daws teeb meem los ntawm kev txiav txim siab kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.
2. National Industrial Strategy (2022-2026 UNIDO Supporting Plan)
Tsoomfwv tau txheeb xyuas plaub qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam:
* Kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm cov khoom ua liaj ua teb thiab nuv ntses (qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam xiav);
* Lub teeb muaj cov khoom lag luam rau khaub ncaws thiab khau xa tawm;
* Me me - teev kev tsim tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj hauv zos txhua hnub;
* Txhawb kev lag luam rau cov zaub mov, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab lub zog ntsuab txuas ntxiv dua tshiab.
Lub hom phiaj ntev -Lub hom phiaj: Txo kev lag luam kev vam khom rau kev ncig xyuas, nce kev tsim khoom lag luam hauv GDP ntau dua 7.5%, thiab nthuav tawm kev lag luam xa tawm mus rau West Africa thiab Portuguese- hais lus lub teb chaws.
V. Core Weaknesses thiab Development Restrictions in the Industrial Sector
* Cov peev txheej thiab cov saw hlau tsis muaj zog: Tsis muaj cov khoom siv hlau thiab lub zog ntxhia; machinery, hardware, tshuaj, thiab textile raw cov ntaub ntawv yog imported tag nrho, tsis muaj lub zos txhawb nqa upstream thiab downstream industries; kev ua lag luam rau kho vajtse fasteners, ntsia thawv tsim, thiab polishing khoom (tus ntsia thawv tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws) yog kiag li dawb paug, cia siab rau imports los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab Asia;
* Kev Lag Luam Me: Nrog rau tag nrho cov pej xeem ntawm tsuas yog 560,000, kev thov hauv tsev tsuas yog txwv, thiab kev lag luam kev lag luam muaj kev vam khom rau kev xa tawm;
* Cov Nqi Ntau Lawm: Tus nqi siab rau hluav taws xob thiab roj, kev thauj khoom siab thiab cov nqi thauj khoom, thiab kev tsis txaus ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv zos;
* Tsis muaj zog Industrial Foundation: Tsis muaj kev lag luam hnyav lossis kev lag luam ua tshuab; kev tu thiab kev txhawb nqa tsis txaus;
* Ib qho Kev Lag Luam Ib Leeg: Kev tsim khoom lag luam yog qhov muaj siab nyob rau hauv qis - ua tiav cov khoom hauv dej thiab khaub ncaws, ua rau tsis zoo rau kev pheej hmoo.
VI. Lub Sijhawm rau Cov Khoom Siv Exports rau Tuam Tshoj (Raws li koj lub lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsia hlau tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws / ntsia thawv ua khoom siv)
Cape Verde kev tsim kho kev lag luam txuas ntxiv nthuav dav, nrog kev thov ruaj khov rau cov cement, steel qauv, thiab kev tsim vaj tsev. Tag nrho cov ntsia hlau thiab kho vajtse fasteners yog imported, thiab tsis muaj cov ntsia thawv tsim hauv zos.
Tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa hlau polishing thiab xeb tshem tawm cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv zos. Muaj kev thov rau cov cuab yeej siv kho vaj tse thiab kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov ntsia hlau qub qub, tsim kom muaj lub sijhawm rau cov khoom siv xws li 2-tuj nruas ntsia thawv tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws.
Ntshuam tariffs rau Suav cov cuab yeej muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab cov khoom siv hauv Suav teb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov nyiaj hauv zos tshaj li cov khoom siv Portuguese thiab European.
Tsoomfwv txhawb kev nqis peev hauv kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Yog tias cov ntsia hlau ua thiab kho vajtse polishing cov kab ntau lawm ntxiv, cov cai se tshwj xeeb thiab kev lis kev cai tuaj yeem nyiam hauv cov chaw ua si.
VII. Cov ntsiab lus
Cape Verde txoj kev lag luam yog kev ncig ua si - txhawb nqa lub teeb kev lag luam, nrog kev tsim kho raws li nws tus ncej. Kev tsim khoom raug txwv rau qis- kev ua tiav ntawm cov khoom ua liaj ua teb thiab khaub ncaws, tsis muaj kev lag luam hnyav xws li kev ua hlau thiab tshuab tsim khoom, nrog rau cov kev lag luam hauv nruab nrab. Kev vam khom rau thaj chaw ua lag luam dawb thiab cov kev cai tshwj xeeb rau kev nqis peev txawv teb chaws, lub teb chaws txhawb kev muaj ntau haiv neeg. Muaj lub cib fim xiav dej hiav txwv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam ntshuam rau cov cuab yeej siv hauv tsev thiab cov khoom siv kho vajtse, tab sis vim muaj kev txwv ntawm cov pej xeem, cov peev txheej, thiab kev thauj mus los, nws nyuaj rau kev tsim loj - teev cov peev txheej hauv zos hauv lub sijhawm luv.
